Gravitational Wave Signals from Cosmic Strings

Cosmic strings are one-dimensional topological defects that may have been formed during phase transitions in the Early Universe. In this talk, we will review the key theoretical ingredients governing their formation and evolution, with a focus on recent advances in large-scale numerical simulations. We will highlight new results on the long-term dynamics of cosmic string loops, including the effects of gravitational backreaction during their evaporation. Using these insights, we present an updated framework for computing the stochastic gravitational wave background generated by these networks. Finally, we will discuss current observational constraints and the promising potential for detection with present and future gravitational wave observatories.